Students Face A Different Education System - 983 Words

Welcome international students! It must be exciting to start your education in the U.S.A. Here students face a different education system which may seem confusing at first due to the rules of avoiding plagiarism. International students often find that the education system that they are used to has different views on plagiarism compared to the U.S education system. As a result of this difference in education systems, new students may unintentionally plagiarise. However, according to U.S universities, a person commits plagiarism if they present the ideas or words of another person as their own without proper recognition of the original author (Indiana University, 2005, Paragraph 2). When international students don’t understand the concept of plagiarism according to U.S universities, it is difficult for them to study and work in the universities. However, it is possible to understand American universities’ view towards plagiarism by understanding their outlook towards inte llectual property, the implications of committing plagiarism and its consequences. To understand the idea that American institutes have about plagiarism, we need to first understand the American perspective about intellectual property. In America, every person’s intellectual work is their own property. When using an author’s idea or research findings from journals, books, articles, etc. their work has to be recognised since it is their property. So proper recognition or credit, also known as citation shouldShow MoreRelatedCourseing : Challenging Traditional Education810 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelopments of the MOOC (Stacey, 2014). Originally, the MOOC was open for everyone, credit-seeking and non-credit seeking and offered different courses that ranged from true content lessons with interpretive lessons (Stacey, 2014). In 2011, Stanford Engineering professors were able to offer the schools three most popular computer science course online to more than 160,000 students in over 190 countries (Stacey, 214). This was the first large-scale MOOC in the United States of America. Although the sizeRead MoreInclussive Teaching Essay1110 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Problem background Many children face big challenges because of the inclusive education, with a greater number from poorer countries failing to attend schools while the others from rich countries attending classes but ends up leaving unworthy qualifications (Ainscow, 2). Disabled students have the right to good education and feel free to interact with others in classrooms which help them to get rid of loneliness and therefore reducing the stresses. Research question From the researchRead MoreWorking Class Students and Higher Education Essay1325 Words   |  6 Pages　　　　Working Class Students and Higher Education 　　　Authors Michelle Tokarczyk, Peter Sacks, Robert Haverman and Timothy Smeeding all write about certain problems that working class students are facing in education in the U.S. , especially in college education which is usually defined as higher education. Although they focus on different aspects of the problem, they still have some ideas in common. In their articles, all of them discuss how economic and social class occupies a very significant roleRead MoreThe Distance Learning Program Is Not A New Instructional As It Has Really Been Since The 1700s?1746 Words   |  7 Pagestraditional education styles that the teacher standing in front of a classroom is still the mainstream of education at the present. Distance learning has a satisfied and limits faced by teacher but it focuses on student’s requirements and have to use computer and Internet to communicate between learner and teacher. In term of traditional education are related with experience teachin g for example, role-play or team project. Thus traditional education and distance learning have different way to teachingRead MoreThe United States And South Korea1015 Words   |  5 PagesConsequently, the challenges that the education field faces in regards to mental health are different. First, a concern discussed in regards to mental health in schools in the United States is how to deal with the different challenges that arise in children with learning disabilities. There is a lot of debate whether or not these children with special needs should be educated on inclusive education, or not. These challenges are further worsened when it comes to different resources that are available inRead MoreThe Current Educational Curriculum Faces1425 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction There are various kinds of pressures that the current educational curriculum faces. Such pressures include ensuring the rights of children are protected, ensuring that cultural diversity in learning institutions is not a barrier to learning, making the education system provide learners with essential skills that can enable them participate and compete effectively in the globalized world, ensuring that children from economically challenged backgrounds obtain information similar to theirRead MoreEducation System Between The Us And My Country Nepal Essay1225 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish101 October 31, 2016 Comparison essay Education System between the US and my country Nepal The education system is an organized, purposeful structure consists of laws, policies, and regulations to regulate the education in schools and colleges in a systematic way. The education system plays a vital role in the development of the student life career and which simultaneously affects the development of the country. Every country has their own education system depending on the government. In the sameRead MoreThe Current Era Of Education Essay1711 Words   |  7 Pageslecture or on the level of general culture and knowledge, and that increases in the individual or self-education concept, so follow the learner learn by his energy and his abilities and quickly learn and according to his previous experience and skills, however, despite these advantages, this type of education continues to live its beginnings and face obstacles and challenges In front of basic education which is considered a key stepping stone to other educational projects that give learner leadershipRead MoreThe Importance Of Education In Education933 Words   |  4 PagesEducation needs to embrace Project Based Learning for the future The educational obstacles faced by high school students today are vast and varied. The ancient structure of education in this country has not changed in over a century and by no means reflects the nature of the work environment that high school students will face. Mechanization, globalization, technology and collaboration are the future, yet the high school students of today are trained in the same fashion as those at the turn of theRead MoreThe Learning Environment Of For Online Instruction1513 Words   |  7 Pagesmanagement system, consistency, targeted audience, creation of a team for social communications, training, and encouragement for all stakeholders. Electronics is the learning environment of for online instruction. All of these empirical discussions involved collaboration and learner participation. After all, eLearning is fundamental. Part One : Articles According to the researchers Sultan, Woods, Koo (2011) digital learning is a constructivist approach for improving learning management systems for

Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee - 1012 Words

Prejudice is a negative opinion or feeling formed about someone without thought or reason, and before knowing anything about them. In To Kill a Mockingbird, the citizens of Maycomb are prejudice and cruel towards Tom Robinson and he is put on trial and convicted because he is a black man. Prejudice was also destructive to Jem, and witnessing it every day left him hurt and heartbroken. In the book To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, the destructiveness of prejudice is harmful to Jem and Tom Robinson, therefore children and people of colour are the most affected by prejudice at the time the book took place in the 1930’s. Tom Robinson is a victim of prejudice and shouldn t have been put on trial or found guilty. Firstly, he had to defend himself against two white people. During the trial, while Bob Ewell was on the witness stand, Judge Taylor says â€Å"Mr. Ewell, did you see the defendant having sexual intercourse with your daughter?† and Mr. Ewell replies â€Å"Yes I did.† (Lee 233). In Maycomb, Bob Ewell is seen as ‘white trash’, but white, uneducated low socioeconomic status is thought to be better than being a black person, like Tom Robinson. People prejudge Tom because of his race and the Ewells took advantage of that which forced Tom Robinson to have to defend himself Mayella and Bob Ewell, two white people. Before the trial even began, Tom Robinson never really had a chance because the only thing people saw was a black man s word versus a white man s word. Furthermore, TomShow MoreRelatedKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1049 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbir d: How a Story could be based on True Events in Everyday LifeDaisy GaskinsCoastal Pines Technical Collegeâ€Æ'Harper Lee was born in Monroeville, Alabama. Her father was a former newspaper editor and proprietor, who had served as a state senator and practiced as a lawyer in Monroeville. Also Finch was known as the maiden name of Lee’s mother. With that being said Harper Lee became a writer like her father, but she became a American writer, famous for her race relations novel â€Å"ToRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee1000 Words   |  4 Pagesworld-wide recognition to the many faces of prejudice is an accomplishment of its own. Author Harper Lee has had the honor to accomplish just that through her novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, a moving and inspirational story about a young girl learning the difference between the good and the bad of the world. In the small town of Monroeville, Alabama, Nelle Harper Lee was born on April 28, 1926. Growing up, Harper Lee had thre e siblings: two sisters and an older brother. She and her siblings grew up modestlyRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1290 Words   |  6 PagesHarper Lee published To Kill a Mockingbird during a rough period in American history, also known as the Civil Rights Movement. This plot dives into the social issues faced by African-Americans in the south, like Tom Robinson. Lee felt that the unfair treatment towards blacks were persistent, not coming to an end any time in the foreseeable future. This dark movement drove her to publish this novel hopeful that it would encourage the society to realize that the harsh racism must stop. Lee effectivelyRead MoreHarper Lee and to Kill a Mockingbird931 Words   |  4 PagesHarper Lee and her Works Harper Lee knew first hand about the life in the south in the 1930s. She was born in Monroeville, Alabama in 1926 (Castleman 2). Harper Lee was described by one of her friends as Queen of the Tomboys (Castleman 3). Scout Finch, the main character of Lees Novel, To Kill a Mockinbird, was also a tomboy. Many aspects of To Kill a Mockingbird are autobiographical (Castleman 3). Harper Lees parents were Amasa Coleman Lee and Frances Finch Lee. She was the youngestRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee873 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book, To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee illustrates that â€Å"it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird† throughout the novel by writing innocent characters that have been harmed by evil. Tom Robinson’s persecution is a symbol for the death of a mockingbird. The hunters shooting the bird would in this case be the Maycomb County folk. Lee sets the time in the story in the early 1950s, when the Great Depression was going on and there was pov erty everywhere. The mindset of people back then was that blackRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee963 Words   |  4 Pagesgrowing up, when older characters give advice to children or siblings.Growing up is used frequently in the novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. Harper Lee uses the theme growing up in To Kill a Mockingbird to change characters opinion, develop characters through their world, and utilizes prejudice to reveal growing up. One major cause growing up is used in To Kill a Mockingbird is to represent a change of opinion. One part growing up was shown in is through the trial in part two of the novelRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1052 Words   |  5 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee takes place in Maycomb County, Alabama in the late 30s early 40s , after the great depression when poverty and unemployment were widespread throughout the United States. Why is the preconception of racism, discrimination, and antagonism so highly related to some of the characters in this book? People often have a preconceived idea or are biased about one’s decision to live, dress, or talk. Throughout To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee examines the preconceptionRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1695 Words   |  7 PagesIn To Kill a Mockingbird Harper Lee presents as a ‘tired old town’ where the inhabitants have ‘nowhere to go’ it is set in the 1930s when prejudices and racism were at a peak. Lee uses Maycomb town to highlight prejudices, racism, poverty and social inequality. In chapter 2 Lee presents the town of Maycomb to be poverty stricken, emphasised through the characterisation of Walter Cunningham. When it is discovered he has no lunch on the first day of school, Scout tries to explain the situation to MissRead MoreKill A Mockingbird, By Harper Lee1197 Words   |  5 Pagessuch as crops, houses, and land, and money was awfully limited. These conflicts construct Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mocking Bird. In To Kill a Mocking Bird, Lee establishes the concurrence of good and evil, meaning whether people are naturally good or naturally evil. Lee uses symbolism, characterization, and plot to portray the instinctive of good and evil. To Kill a Mocking Bird, a novel by Harper Lee takes place during the 1930s in the Southern United States. The protagonist, Scout Finch,Read MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1656 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Mockingbirds don’t do any harm but make music for us †¦ that’s why it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird†, is a famous quote from the book To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. Atticus, the father of the main character Scout, says this to her and her brother Jem when they receive rifles for Christmas. This book is considered a classic due to the allegory between the book title and the trial that occurs about halfway through the book. In the beginning of To Kill a Mockingbird, Scout is six. She is an innocent

Opinons on the Essay free essay sample

When the Other Dancer Is the Self Is an Interesting portrayal of one womans personal Journey of discovery but also purposefully offers lessons for our own personal struggles. Engaging In a forceful manner with a clear Intention In the structure of the time progression, she navigates the reader from her experiences as a youth to, In some ways, the successful conclusion of her path to true self-realization and awareness.The effective use of the present voice as she progresses through mime further strengthens the relevancy of her message as we the audience are Inspired on our own paths of enlightenment. Her definitions of beauty, albeit immature, are earnest and at the very least well- defined and understood at an early age. The competitive nature of a seemingly simple desire of accompanying her father in his employers car results in her need to measure and reason out some of the outward attributes of being the prettiest (Walker, 362). We will write a custom essay sample on Opinons on the Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page An assumption that being pretty as an important factor of re fathers decision-making process is made, and then further confirmed as she takes her seat among the winners. Later when she turns six, during her performance on her school stage, there is a transformation in her definition of beauty as she realizes that beauty can also be something quite intangible, not necessarily seen, but felt.The world she lives in, previously viewed with optimism and positivist, comes crashing down when she suffers an accident that is not only physically scarring, but also has far-reaching negative effects on her soul and spirit. For six years after her accident, she lives a hidden life, a life apart from her family, her schoolmates, and her troubles. Her grades suffer, her self-image at school is shattered, and her desire to succeed becomes non-existent.She is forced to return to her old school, effectively estranging her from her family and the ensuing Illness of her mother further compounds and strengthens this negative self-perception as she attributes her appearance as one of the main reasons for her estrangement. Finally, a fortunate turn of events and a successful medical procedure which removes the physical aspect of her accident, allows her to regain her Orlando perception of beauty and returns her to the path of success she was once on.Its Interesting to note that she spends very little time In her writing to describe her life following the procedure. Finally, the defining light-bulb moment comes through a casual and Innocent observation of the world In [her] eye (Walker, 370) from the authors daug hter and signifies the conclusion of her Journey. It Is the realization of love, the fulfillment of the void which outward beauty once filled and the affirmation of self.

Transportation Standards and Environmental Regulations

The rapid growth of global economy and the rise of globalization in the past decade led to the increase in products consumption as well as the expansion of goods distribution streams worldwide. The outburst of the global economic development and manufacturing could not but have a robust impact on the natural environment, and global warming has become one of the most significant matters of concern resulting from the growing interdependence and interconnectedness of economic and manufacturing systems at the international level.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Transportation Standards and Environmental Regulations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As shown in the recent statistics, more than 50% of greenhouse gas emission is caused by cross-national transportation, and the further expansion of the international trade will provoke even more significant increases (Abe, Hattori, Kawagoshi, 2014). Such existing tre nds have brought governments and international organizations to a realization that they should take measures to deal with them or, at least, minimize the negative impact of international transportation on the natural environment. One example of organizations monitoring cross-national traffic and offering ways to make them environmentally friendly is the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) that has a primary objective of establishing a program aimed at minimizing the emission of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere and its impact on the natural environment. The primary tool for reaching the mentioned objective is developing regulations that control the activities of the transport manufacturing companies and that they follow the rules of the environmental protection. That said, the EPA regulations influence international traffic, and the goal of this paper is to define what is this impact that Environmental Protection Agency has on the transportation standards with the special attention to ethical and economic consequences of the EPA regulations on the transportation industry. It should be noted that the primary effect the EPA rules have on transportation standards is through monitoring the activities of vehicle manufacturers, so it is the dimension that will be studied in the paper. The motivation of the EPA to design the transport regulations Generally speaking, there are few reasons for the initial design of the Environmental Protection Agency regulations. First of all, its rules are the foundation for developing a science-based assessment for endangerment. It means that the agency supports formulating the mechanism of defining the dangers caused by further increasing of emission of greenhouse gases and other air pollutants in the atmosphere and other potential risks deriving from failing to follow the environmental protection rules by traffic manufacturers and transport companies.Advertising Looking for term paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The primary objective is to make people understand that natural factors are not the only cause the leads to the global warming and other negative changes in the condition of the natural environment and that these are anthropogenic factors that are even more crucial. The second reason for designing the EPA regulations is that they are aimed at improving fuel economy through applying the vehicle rule (Moreno Zalzal, 2012). Because of the finite resources of raw material used in producing vehicle fuel, EPA finds it necessary to develop standards that automobile manufacturers will use to make engines that consume less fuel and transforming automobiles into environmentally friendly. The Agency believes that it will have many positive effects because it will benefit the manufacturers by adding to the increase in their efficiency as their products will become better, the customers by helping them save money as the cars w ill consume less fuel, and the natural environment as the ruling will undoubtedly entail the decrease of greenhouse gas emission. What is more, it will improve the state of energy security because manufacturing the cars using environmentally friendly technologies and less fuel will diminish the dependence on the imports of fuel. The third motivation for the organization is that the regulations will bind the transportation companies and automobile manufacturers to follow the standards of the level of greenhouse gas emission into the atmosphere thus minimizing the negative impact on the natural environment. So, in general, the motivation for the Environmental Protection Agency to design its regulations is to improve the overall state of the natural environment and make it safer or, at least, prevent worsening of the current situation thus guaranteeing public health and global well-being through reducing greenhouse gas emission and improving fuel efficiency. By now, the Environmental P rotection Agency together with the Department of transportation’s National Highway Traffic Safety Administration offers programs that will lead to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving fuel efficiency for both light- and medium- and heavy-duty vehicles (United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2012; United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Transportation Standards and Environmental Regulations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These regulations have both economic and ethical implications on the transportation industry, and they will be reviewed further in this paper. Economic implications of the EPA regulations on the transportation standards As it was already said, Environmental Protection Agency regulations have the primary objective of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving fuel efficiency. It is where the major economic implicat ions of their implementation derive from. The general idea here is that the EPA regulations help reduce the costs and improve the efficiency and productivity of vehicle manufacturers. One of the ways to reach this goal is through reducing fuel consumption either by increasing the efficiency of the used energy or achieving lower level of energy consumption for the same level of efficiency. But, in general, the EPA regulations propose transition towards â€Å"more efficient engines, improved aerodynamics, lower rolling resistance tires, and other vehicle technologies† (Goldberg, 2011, p. 2) that will make vehicle working better consuming less fuel. Economic implications of adopting the Environmental Protection Agency regulations by vehicle manufacturers can be viewed in the short and the long run. In the near-term prospect, there is the need for increasing expenditures because the transition towards environmentally friendly manufacture is costy and requires vast amounts of inve stments aimed at making the manufacturing process progressive. However, in the long run, it will reduce the costs mainly because of reducing energy consumption. Moreover, it will increase net sales because the level of green consciousness among the customers rises, and they are more willing to use the vehicles that do not have a negative influence on the natural environment and are safer for them as well. What is more, implementing the EPA regulations to the production process can help increase the level of net income of the manufacturers. Bearing in mind what has been said about the green consciousness, the companies may raise the price for their vehicles, and the customers will still be willing to buy it. The only issue here is that it will only be possible in the long run once the company has moved to using new technologies, found sources of necessary investments, and put the process of manufacturing on the right track. Finally, adopting standards-based on safe green technologies will also provide better conditions for employees. The point here is that it will lead to the increase in both production and sales of vehicles and, as the result, the industry will require additional labor (the United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2012).Advertising Looking for term paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Together with that, it will entail the growth of wages because working with new technologies requires additional knowledge (Goldberg, 2011). So, it can be said that it is the benefit for the employees but the additional article of expenditures for the manufacturers. Ethical consequences of the Environmental Protection Agency regulations on the transportation industry Speaking of the ethical consequences, they can be viewed through the prism of environmental and health impacts of the Environmental Protection Agency regulations. This issue will be investigated from two perspectives – natural environment and population in general. As it was highlighted, the EPA regulations focus on reducing emission of various greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons), air pollutants (sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, nitrous oxide, etc.), and air toxics such as benzene, formaldehyde, acrolein and others into atmosphere (United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2012). These compounds cause future climate changes. That said, implementing the Environmental Protection Agency regulations in the transporting industry helps control the process of global warming with all its consequences. Of course, it is impossible to reverse the process and get to the starting point, but it is still possible to minimize its adverse effects by establishing the acceptable level of air pollutants and greenhouse gases emission, and these regulations are a useful tool for reaching this purpose. Together with that, implementing the new standards based on the EPA regulations leads to better general state of health. The point here is that through monitoring vehicle manufacturers and regulating the further changes in the natural environment, especially reducing the number of air pollutants and greenhouse gases or, at least, establishing some allowable level of them in the atmosphere, people receive cleaner air. It may not necessarily lead to improving health but, at le ast, it will help monitor the problem of pollution-related diseases because the people will breathe with better air. In pursuit of facts: conducting interviews with the people working for the automobile manufacturer The most obvious way to find out whether everything mentioned above is correct is to carry out interviews with the people working in the companies affected by the EPA regulations, i.e., with those hired by the automobile manufacturers. I am lucky enough to have a friend who works for one of the automobile manufacturers. He promised to bring some of his colleagues to help me with the research. For the sake of anonymousness, I will keep their name as well as the name of the organization in secret. Even though we conducted informal interviews, all of us promised that nobody would ever know about them. So, I could just use the results for my research without names. As I mentioned in the research proposal, I conducted the interviews with the small group of people. In fact, my friend managed to bring 9 colleagues with him, so, the number of respondents was 10. Because the group was small, I had an opportunity to have individual interviews with every respondent. They all worked in different departments – assembly lines, IT department, and accounting department. That is why the range of their answers was wide. I decided to include three primary questions to the interviews – the background knowledge about the Environmental Protection Agency, its activities and regulations, economic implications of the EPA regulations, and the ethical consequences of the organization’s activities. After the interviews, I decided to find the overall trends in the answers, even though it turned out to be harder than I thought due to the fact that respondents worked in different departments. However, I managed to get the answers to the questions that I was interested in. First of all, I asked the respondents whether they knew about the existence of the Envi ronmental Protection Agency and its activities. It turned out that in most cases, they only knew that there were some new regulations that their company was obliged to follow, but did not know the name of the organization that has designed them. Second, I inquired about the economic implications of the EPA regulations. The answer that I received was that what changed was the technological process because the details used for assembling cars were more innovative than before, and it was claimed that they consume less fuel and, as the result, the quantity of gas emission into the atmosphere is lower. The employee from the IT department told that the organization started working with the newest technologies that helped achieve the growth of the volumes of production. From the person working in the accounting department I found out that since the EPA regulations to manufacturing were implemented, the sales increased because the customers are more willing to buy the vehicles that are envi ronmentally friendly and consume less fuel. Moreover, because the sales grew, what also increased was the volume of manufacturing. In addition to that, the company hired new people to all departments from manufacturing to sales and increased wages for those working with the latest technologies as the had to gain new knowledge and develop more skills. That means that producing environmentally friendly entailed the creation of new working places and the better financial well-being of the employees. The most interesting part of the interviews was that concerning the ethical outcomes of the EPA regulations on the automobile manufacturers. Most of the respondents could not give me the answer to this question because they could not draw the connection between the engines consuming less fuel and producing fewer emissions of greenhouse gas into the atmosphere with the fact that they have a positive affect on condition of the natural environment and the state of human health by helping monit or the problem of pollution-related diseases. What I found interesting is that they assured me that the company indeed uses the green technologies that make their vehicles environmentally friendly and consuming less fuel. Telling me this, they wanted to say that their company is a responsible manufacturer and does not ignore the regulations, and the situations similar to the scandals with one of the manufacturers arising from its cheating in using environmentally friendly engines will never occur to their company. So, conducting the interviews helped me to prove that the regulations of the Environmental Protection Agency have both economic and ethical impact on the automobile manufacturers, even though the economic outcomes are noticeable and considerable because they can be demonstrated through numbers and statistics while the ethical issues may seem almost invisible because most people simply ignore them. Conclusion: the correlation between the EPA regulations and the transportati on standards The conclusion is based on the theoretical research and the results of the interviews conducted with people working for the company that felt the impact of the Environmental Protection Organization – the automobile manufacturer. It is obvious: there is a correlation between the regulations of the Environment Protection Agency and the transportation standards. However, bearing in mind that the EPA rules mainly concern reducing greenhouse gases emission and improving fuel efficiency this relation is mediate, as the regulations have the influence on vehicle manufacturers. Of course, there are standards bounding transportation companies to use environmentally friendly vehicles, and they are very frequently met nowadays, so it is the only dimension where this correlation can be investigated. That said, if it is the space that is taken into consideration, then economic and ethical implications of the EPA regulations on the transportation industry are significant. From the financial perspective, following these rules helps reduce the costs and improve efficiency as well as leads to the increase in the level of employment and sales. These rules are also beneficial for the transporting companies because they will be able to save money because their vehicles will consume less fuel. As of the ethical consequences, the Environmental Protection Agency regulations are the key to controlling further climate change and monitoring its influence on human health and the condition of the natural environment. In addition to it, the focus can be made on the people working for the transportation company. If they drive environmentally-friendly vehicles, the organization shows them that it values their health and well-being, thus receiving dedicated employees. References Abe, K., Hattori, K., Kawagoshi, Y. (2014). Trade liberalization and environmental regulation on international transportation. The Japanese Economic Review, 65(4), 468-482. Goldberg, M. (2011). Ma croeconomic impact analysis of proposed greenhouse gas and fuel economy standards for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. Web. Moreno, R. B., Zalzal, P. (2012). Greenhouse gas dissonance: The history of EPA’s regulations and the incongruity of recent legal challenges. UCLA Journal of Environmental Law Policy, 30(1), 121-156. United States Environmental Protection Agency. (2011). EPA and NHTSA adopt first-ever program to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve fuel efficiency of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. Web. United States Environmental Protection Agency. (2012). Regulatory impact analysis: Final rulemaking for 2017-2025 light-duty vehicle greenhouse gas emission standards and corporate average fuel economy standards. Web. This term paper on Transportation Standards and Environmental Regulations was written and submitted by user Emelia H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Americas Role in World War II

America's Role in World War II When events began happening in Europe that would eventually lead to World War II, many Americans took an increasingly hard line towards getting involved. The events of World War I had fed into Americas natural desire to isolationism, and this was reflected by the passage of Neutrality Acts along with the general hands-off approach to the events that unfolded on the world stage. Increasing Tensions While America was wallowing in neutrality and isolationism, events were occurring in Europe and Asia that were causing increasing tension across the regions. These events included: Totalitarianism as a form of government in the USSR (Joseph Stalin), Italy (Benito Mussolini), Germany (Adolf Hitler), and Spain (Francisco Franco).A move towards fascism in Japan.The creation of Manchukuo, Japans puppet government in Manchuria, beginning the war in China.The conquest of Ethiopia by Mussolini.Revolution in Spain led by Francisco Franco.Germanys continuing expansion including taking the Rhineland.The worldwide Great Depression.World War I allies with large debts, many of which were not paying them off. America passed the Neutrality Acts in 1935-37. These created an embargo on all war item shipments. Americans were not allowed to travel on belligerent ships, and no belligerents were allowed loans in the United States. The Road to War The actual war in Europe began with a series of events: Germany took Austria (1938) and the Sudtenland (1938)The Munich Pact was created (1938) with England and France agreeing to allow Hitler to keep the Sudetenland as long as no further expansion occurred.Hitler and Mussolini created the Rome-Berlin Axis military alliance to last 10 years (1939)Japan entered an alliance with Germany and Italy (1939)The Moscow-Berlin Pact occurred promising nonaggression between the two powers (1939)Hitler invaded Poland (1939)England and France declared war on Germany (September 30, 1939). The Changing American Attitude At this time despite Franklin Roosevelts desire to help the allies (France and Great Britain), the only concession America made was to allow the sale of arms on a cash and carry basis. Hitler continued to expand taking Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, and Belgium. In June 1940, France fell to Germany. Obviously, this quick expansion got America nervous and the US began to build the military up. The final break in isolationism began with the Lend-Lease Act (1941) whereby America was allowed to sell, transfer title to, exchange, lease, lend, or otherwise dispose of, to any such government....any defense article. Great Britain promised not to export any of the lend-lease materials. After this, America built a base on Greenland and then issued the Atlantic Charter (August 14, 1941)- a joint declaration between Great Britain and the US about the purposes of war against fascism. The Battle of the Atlantic began with German U-Boats wreaking havoc. This battle would last throughout the war. The real event that changed America into a nation actively at war was the attack on Pearl Harbor. This was precipitated in July 1939 when Franklin Roosevelt announced that the US would no longer trade items such as gasoline and iron to Japan who needed it for their war with China. In July 1941, the Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis was created. The Japanese began occupying French Indo-China and the Philippines. All Japanese assets were frozen in the US. On December 7, 1941, the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor killing over 2,000 people and damaging or destroying eight battleships greatly harming the Pacific fleet. America officially entered the war and now had to fight on two fronts: Europe and the Pacific. After America declared war on Japan, Germany, and Italy declared war on the US. America actually followed a Germany First strategy, mainly because it posed the greatest threat to the West, it had a larger military, and it seemed the most likely to develop newer and more lethal weapons. One of the worst tragedies of World War II was the  Holocaust  in which between 1933 and 1945 it is estimated that from 9-11 million Jews were killed. Only with the defeat of the Nazis were the  concentration camps  closed down, and the remaining survivors freed. Events Leading up to World War II The events in Europe unfolded as follows: Early German Victories  - The Germans successfully fought off the Russians in 1942. England was being bombed, and U-Boats harassed American shipping.North Africa  - The allies led by  General Dwight D. Eisenhower  fought against the French forces who were working in conjunction with Germany in Morocco and Algeria. The allies did take Tunisia in May 1943.Battle of the Atlantic  - The allies were able to control the Atlantic sea lanes by May 1943 though the battle continued to rage throughout the rest of the war.Italy  - The allies captured Sicily in July 1943 leading to Mussolinis downfall. The Italians then joined the allies. Germany still occupied much of Italy including Rome.Normandy Invasion  - This began on D-Day, June 6, 1944. General Eisenhower led the allies onto the beaches of France. They were able to liberate Paris on August 25, 1944.Battle of the Bulge  - Germany launched a counteroffensive in December 1944.  General Patton  led the 3rd Army to victory by January 1945.The Battle of Germany  - Early in 1945, Russians invaded Germany from the East while the allies moved in from the West defeating Germany. Hitler along with many top officials committed suicide. Germany surrendered on May 8, 1945 - V-E Day (Victory in Europe Day). America followed a defensive policy in Japan until the summer of 1942. Following is a list of the events that occurred during World War IIs War in the Pacific:Early Japanese Victories  - Japan was able to have many victories in the Pacific and began attacking the Philippines. The Americans eventually had to surrender after  General Douglas MacArthur  and his troops failed to hold the  Bataan Peninsula  and the island of Corregidor. This was when MacArthur said his famous line, I will return.Pacific Offensive  - America began an offensive campaign during the summer of 1942. They defeated the Japanese at  the Battle of the Coral Sea  and  the Battle of Midway. In August 1942, America invaded Guadalcanal and by May 1943 had freed the Aleutians.Island Hopping  - The Americans led by  Admiral Chester W. Nimitz  took back many Japanese held islands on their way to the Japanese mainland. In June 1944, Saipan fell and then in July America captured Guam. In March 1945, America took  Iwo Jima  and held Okinawa by June. Philippines  - MacArthur kept his promise and returned to the Philippines after important victories in the  Battle of Leyte Gulf  (led by  Admiral William Halsey). By January 1945, they had landed at Luzon to battle for the Philippines.China  - Chiang Kai-Shek led the Chinese against the Japanese. In January 1945, the Ledo Road was opened, and the allies were able to get supplies to the Chinese who then expelled the Japanese.Atomic Bombs  - Throughout the war, America had been working on the creation of atomic bombs  through the  Manhattan Project. In August 1945, America led by  Harry Truman, who took over the presidency after FDRs death, decided to  drop atomic bombs on two cities in Japan.  Part of the rationale for this decision was that they wanted to avoid the loss of life that would accompany an invasion of the Japanese mainland.  Hiroshima  was the first target on August 6th and then Nagasaki was hit on August 9th. The two bombs killed approximately 100,000 Japanese instantly. By September 2, 1945, the Japanese had unconditionally surrendered. This was V-J Day (Victory over Japan day). American Rationing   Americans at home sacrificed while soldiers fought overseas. By the end of the war, more than 12 million American soldiers had joined or were drafted into the military. Widespread rationing occurred. For example, families were given coupons to purchase sugar based on the size of their families. They could not buy more than their coupons would allow. However, rationing covered more than just food- it also included goods such as shoes and gasoline. Some items were just not available in America. Silk stockings made in Japan were not available- they were replaced by the new synthetic nylon stockings. No automobiles were produced from February 1943 until the end of the war to move the manufacturing to war specific items. Many women entered the workforce  to help make munitions and implements of war. These women were nicknamed Rosie the Riveter and were a central part of Americas success in war. Japanese Relocation Camps Wartime restrictions were imposed on civil liberties. A real black mark on the American home front was the  Executive Order No. 9066 signed by Roosevelt in 1942. This ordered those of Japanese-American descent to be removed to Relocation Camps. This law eventually forced close to 120,000 Japanese-Americans in the western part of the United States to leave their homes and move to one of ten relocation centers or to other facilities across the nation. Most of those relocated were American citizens by birth. They were forced to sell their homes, most for next to nothing, and take only what they could carry. In 1988, President  Ronald Reagan  signed the Civil Liberties Act that provided redress for Japanese-Americans. Each living survivor was paid $20,000 for the forced incarceration. In 1989, President  George H. W. Bush  issued a formal apology. However, nothing can make up for the pain and humiliation that this group of individuals had to face for nothing more than their ethnicity. America and Russia In the end, America came together to successfully defeat fascism abroad. The end of the war would send the US into a  Cold War  due to concessions made to the Russians in exchange for their aid in defeating the Japanese. Communist Russia and the United States would be at odds with each other until the downfall of the USSR in 1989.

10 Fascinating Animal Facts

10 Fascinating Animal Facts Our world is full of animals that are wondrous and amazing! These fascinating creatures have certain adaptations that may seem strange to us, but are necessary for the animal to survive. These adaptations may be defense mechanisms that help the animal to avoid predators or they may aid the animal in obtaining food for themselves. Below are ten fascinating facts about animals that may surprise you. Fascinating Animal Facts 10. Frogs have ear drums on the outside of their heads. While frogs dont have an external ear as humans do, they have an inner ear, middle ear, and an outer ear drum or tympanum. 9. Sea otters always float on their backs when they eat. These marine mammals dine on animals including mussels, sea urchins, clams, and snails, all while floating on their backs. Their extremely dense fur protects them from the cold waters as they eat. 8. Polar bears look white, but they actually have black skin. Unlike other bears, their fur is transparent and reflects visible light. This allows polar bears, which live in the arctic tundra, to blend in with their snow covered environment. 7. Snakes always keep their eyes open, even when they are asleep. Snakes cant close their eyes because they do not have eyelids. They do have eye scales which cover their eyes and shed when the snake sheds its skin. 6. Crickets have ears on their front legs. Located just below the knees, their ears are among the smallest in the animal kingdom. In addition to crickets, grasshoppers and locusts also have ears on their legs. 5. Aardvarks can hear and smell termites and ants. An aardvark uses its long tongue to reach deep into termite and ant mounds. These animals can eat tens of thousands of insects in a single night. 4. Cobras are able to kill with a bite as soon as they are born. Baby cobra venom is just as potent as an adult cobras venom. Their bite is dangerous because cobras can inject large amounts of venom in a single bite. Cobra venom contains a neurotoxin that affects the central nervous system and can lead to paralysis, respiratory system failure, and death. 3. Flamingos have knees that can bend backward. Well actually, what looks like knees are really its ankles and heels. A flamingos knees are located closer to its body and hidden under its feathers. 2. The pistol shrimp catches its prey by surprising it with a loud banging noise made with its claws. The sound is so loud that it stuns or even kills their prey. The sound made by pistol shrimp claws can be as loud as 210 decibels, which is louder than a gunshot. 1. Some species of Australian Flower Spiders eat their mother when food becomes limited. The mother spider sacrifices herself by encouraging her young babies to attack her, dissolve her insides, and feed on her body. Cannibalism is also seen in other spider species and most often observed in relation to sexual encounters. More Fascinating Animal Facts Common Animal Questions and AnswersWhy do zebras have stripes? Why do some tigers have white coats? Find answers to these and other commonly asked questions about animals. Why Some Animals Play DeadWhen faced with danger, some animals go into a catatonic state. They appear to be dead to the world. Discover why some animals play dead. 10 Amazing Bioluminescent OrganismsSome organisms have the ability to glow. The light emitted is due to a chemical reaction. Discover 10 amazing bioluminescent organisms. 7 Animals That Mimic LeavesSome animals camouflage themselves as leaves to avoid predators or catch prey. The next time you pick up a leaf, make sure it is not a leaf impostor. Amazing Animal SensesDiscover some amazing facts about animal senses.

Proportionality and discrimination are key concepts for jus in bello Essay

Proportionality and discrimination are key concepts for jus in bello. Examine the practical consequences of these concepts in th - Essay Example It differs from jus ad bellum in the sense that while the former refers to regulations and decrees issued during a war, the latter deals with legal justification and legitimate reasons for commencing a war (Orend, n.d. p. 105). This paper examines the principles of proportionality and discrimination and their present practices with respect to principles of jus in bello. Jus in bello According to war theorists, ‘jus in bello’ refers to the rights and regulations that are followed after commencement of a war. It is a Latin term, which for a large part also evaluates and justifies a nation’s reasons for entering into warfare. At the same time, it also justifies whether the war is conducted on a just manner or not. Under any circumstance, nations are not allowed to adopt perverse means to meet their objectives. Due to this reason, jus in bello is often referred to be an ethical parameter. Thus, principles of jus in bello function with the sole objective of maintaining a coherence between the means and outcome of an armed conflict. Added to these, jus in bello performs another important function. Its principle task is to limit warfare. This is a measure to control the ever- escalating destruction and cost of war (Henderson, 2009, pp. 3-4). Principle of proportionality: jus in bello The term ‘proportionality’ refers to adoption of methods which will not only be proportional to the ends of the war, but will also help in achieving just goals. From a narrower perspective, war theorists define ‘proportionality’ as the method that is adopted by combatants for fulfilling their respective goals, without inducing mass- massacre of enemy troops. Proportionality has often become a controversial issue for it often justifies violence to a certain degree. Though the principles of proportionality are pitted against general sense of humanity, it ensures that basic respect is paid for lives and privacy. Thus, the principle of proportiona lity demands the war commanders not to chase unattainable objectives or which were relatively unimportant by paying with lives of their own military troops. This brings the principles of proportionality in line with the codes of jus in bello (Shapcott, 2013 ). Though not itself the key consideration, the principles of proportionality hugely influences one of the key concepts- humanness, and is directed towards ensuring basic human rights. Proportionality imposes severe limitations on activities of States, especially when it adopts extreme means to save few soldiers by claiming more lives. It aims at saving more lives compared to those risked at war. This makes it a ‘consequentialist concern’. Three chief principles of proportionality are- firstly, when any aspect or objective has provisions for both good and bad, the ‘good’ must be chosen. Secondly, the effectiveness of good must be taken into consideration. Lastly, in case they are unequal, effectiveness b ecomes the decisive factor (May, 2008, pp. 117- 120). Principle of discrimination Civilian immunity is central to principles of discrimination which insist that when at war, discrimination must be practiced between the combatants and the ones who are not. Irrespective of war objectives, under no circumstances the military is supposed to make the civilian population a permissible target. The principles also incorporate certain chivalric codes of conduct and customary practices, in respect to the material characteristics of armed combat. The immunity